History of Multan

 History of Multan

History of Multan

Our History

Multan is a city in the Punjab Province of Pakistan, and capital of Multan District. It is situated in the southern piece of the area, and is saturated with history. It has a populace of over 3.8 million (as per 1998 enumeration), making it the 6th biggest city in Pakistan. It is fabricated only east of the Chenab River, pretty much in the geographic focal point of the nation and around 966 km from Karachi. Multan is known as the 'City of Pirs and Shrines', and is a prosperous city of marketplaces, mosques and brilliantly planned burial chambers. The Multan International Airport associates trips to significant urban areas in Pakistan and to urban communities in the Persian Gulf. The city's ventures incorporate metal working, flour, sugar, oil processing, materials fabricating, manure, cleanser, and glass. Multan is likewise known for its handiworks, particularly earthenware and finish work.

One of the subcontinent's most established urban communities, Multan gets its name from an icon in the sanctuary of the sun god, a sanctum of the pre-Muslim time frame. The city was vanquished (c.326 BC) by Alexander the Great , visited (AD 641) by the Chinese Buddhist researcher Hsüan-tsang, taken (eighth penny.) by the Arabs, and caught by Muslim Turkish winner Mahmud of Ghazna in 1005 and by Timur in 1398. In the sixteenth and seventeenth hundred years, Multan delighted in harmony subject to the authority of Mughal heads. In 1818, the city was seized by Ranjit Singh, head of the Sikhs. The British held it from 1848 until Pakistan accomplished freedom in 1947. Tourist spots incorporate an old post containing the fourteenth century burial places of two Muslim holy people.

200 BC

The earliest history of Multan disappears in the fogs of secret and folklore. The greater part of the students of history, but concur that Multan without question, is similar Maii-us-than which was vanquished by Alexander who looked here gigantic opposition. He was lethally injured while battling to catch the fortification. Interestingly his holy safeguard, which he had taken from the sanctuary of Illion, Athena, and which he utilized consistently to be conveyed before him in the entirety of his fights, moved in dust while he fell oblivious on the ground with blood spouting out from his injuries. In any case, that was the scene which propelled the Macedonians and seeing their ruler in that state they sent off an easing up assault and caught the bastion with practically no further damage to Alexander. Alexander, be that as it may, never recuperated completely well after this fight and passed on returning at Babylon.

400 - 600 AD

History is quiet for over six centuries that is until 454 A.D. at the point when White Huns, the brutal migrants, raged Multan under the standard of their chief Torman. Once more after a wild battle they vanquished, however didn't remain for a really long time and Hindu rule went on for around 200 years.

600 - 700 AD

Resulting history of Multan is deeply grounded and above and beyond light has been tossed on the cross segment by undeniably popular explorers, scholars and antiquarians who visited Multan remembering the Chinese history specialist Hiuen Tsang for 641 A. D. The Chinese explorer found the circuit of the city around 30 li which is equivalent to five miles. He depicted the dirt as rich and prolific and referenced around eight Deva sanctuaries. He likewise referenced that individuals don't trust in Buddha rule. The city is thickly populated, the excellent sanctuary devoted to the Sun is extremely eminent and abundantly finished. The picture of Sun Deva otherwise called "Mitra" is projected in yellow gold and ornamented with uncommon pearls. Its heavenly knowledge strangely showed and its profound powers made plain to all, etc".

Multan was first visited by the Muslim arms during the rule of the Khalifa Abu Bekr, in 44 Hijri (664 A.D.), when Mohalib, the Arab General, subsequently a famous administrator in Persia and Arabia, entered to the old capital of the Maili. He got back with a huge number of war. The campaign, be that as it may, appears to have been coordinated towards investigation of the nation as no endeavor was obviously made to hold the victory.

700 - 800 AD

Mohammad Bin Qasim, the incomparable Muslim general attacked this subcontinent in 712 A. D., and vanquished Sindh and Multan. The city was vanquished after a wild and long fight which went on for seven days. Many recognized officials of the Muslim armed force forfeited their lives in the fight, yet the Hindu armed force was crushed. The writer of 'Jawahar-al-Bahoor' ( the renowned Arabic History) writes in his book "that Multan around then was known as the House of Gold. There was an incredible Mandir which was likewise called as the Sun Mandir. It was enormous to such an extent that 6,000 occupant admirers were housed in that. Huge number of individuals from each edge of the nation used to visit this spot to perfom their Haj (Pilgrimage). They used to circle round it and get their stubbles and heads shaved off as a sign of regard.

800 - 900 AD

In the periods, of Caliph Mansoor, and Mostasim Bilia, Multan was gone after by Arabs a few times.

900 - 1000 AD

Ibn Khurdaba portrayed in his book, "The book of Roads and Kingdoms", "Multan being two months venture from Zarani the capital of Sijistan, by the name of Farj in light of the fact that Mohammad, Son of Qasim, Lieutenant of At-Hajjaj, found tremendous amounts of gold in the city, which was sent to the Caliph's depository so it was called by the Arabs the House of Gold". Al-Masudi of Baghdad who visited the valley of the Indus in 303 A.H. (915 A.D.) referenced about Multan in his book, "The Meadows of Gold", that "Multan is 75 Sindhian Farsangs from Mansura. It is one of the most grounded wilderness spots of the Musulmans and in its local there are a hundred and 20,000 towns and towns", Al-Masudi likewise referenced about the icon and made sense of regarding how individuals living in the far off pieces of nation travel to Multan to perform journey and in satisfaction of their burdens and strict commitments, they make contributions of cash, valuable stones, fragrances of each and every sort and aloe wood before it. Both tstakhari of Istakhar, or Persepolis, who expounded on the center of the 10th century 340 A.H. (951 A.D.) and Ibn Haukal of Baghdad who put together his work with respect to that of Istakhari, give shining records of Multan which they depicted as a huge, strengthened and invulnerable city, about a portion of the size of Mansura, the old Muslim capital of Sindh. They additionally referenced about the symbol of Multan as being held in extraordinary worship by Hindus who ran to it from all pieces of India. Ruler Sabuktageen, the Afghan King vanquished Multan however following four years in 980 A.D. it was vanquished by a Sardar of the Karamti Tribe who managed it for quite a while.

1000 - 1100 AD

Mahmood Ghaznavi went after Multan interestingly - vanquished it and crushed numerous Hindu sanctuaries. He wrecked the well known 'Sun Mandir' moreover. Mahmood Ghaznavi went after Multan for the second time during 1010 A.D. furthermore, vanquished it yet didn't remain for a really long time.

1100 - 1200 AD

Ruler Shahab-ud-noise, who is otherwise called Mohammad Gbory, at long last crushed Pirthvi Raj and vanquished India. In the wake of uniting his situation in Dehli, the capital of India, drove a military assault, against Multan and vanquished it. In that capacity, Multan, which had remained practically free under the Arab rulers turned into a reliance of the place of Ghaznavi. Ruler Mohammad Ghory delegated Aii Karmani as his Governor of Multan and Uch.

1200 - 1300 AD

In 1218 A.D. Changez Khan attacked Western Turkistan and for the following three centuries history of Multan is for all intents and purposes the historical backdrop of attacks from Western and Central Asia to which the intrusion of Changez gave rise. During this period Multan was ostensibly dependent upon the Delhi Empire. There were, be that as it may, two periods when Multan was basically a different Kingdom free of Delhi. Now and again the territory was held by strong lead representatives who, however, unfit to get freedom, were strong variables in the dynastic changes of the time.

The Administration of Multan experienced because of distraction of Delhi Empire in repulsing the rehashed attacks of Mughals from Khurasan and Central Asia. In 1284 A.D. the Mughals under Taimur Khan, crushed and killed ruler Muhammad, known as the Martyr Prince who then, at that point, administered Multan. In 1305 A.D. an attack under Aibak Khan was repulsed by the redoubtable fighter Ghazi Beg Tughlak, who is said to have multiple times crushed the attacking swarms. In 1327 A.D. a power under Turmsharin Khan over-ran the region and withdrew on installment of pay off.

1300 - 1400 AD

After the foundation of the Delhi Sultanate, Multan turned into its western boondocks. Before all else it was represented by Nasir-ud-Din Qabacha, then caught by jaial-al-Din Manakabarni lastly attached by Shams-AI-Din Altamash. At the point when Balban reinforced his wilderness monitor he posted his oldest child Sultan Muhammad Khan-I-Shahid here and made him liable for the guard. It was under his support that Amir Khusrau and Hasan Dehiavi lived in Multan and made their sonnets. Multan, nonetheless, persistently experienced Mongol intrusions. To meet these Mongol tensions Ghiyas-ud-Din Tughlaq was named as a superintendent of the Frontier Marches. From Multan he rose to be the Sultan of Delhi - Multan stayed under the Tughlaqs until it was vanquished by Amir Taimur in 1 397 A.D.

During this extensive stretch the thriving of Muitan became unabated. It was during this period that the city was decorated by significant landmarks that laid out a specific school of Muitani Architecture. The Tombs of Baha-AI-Din Zakariya, Shah Rukn-AI-Din, Rukn-e-Alam and Shamas Sabzwari have given to Multan a one of a kind spot in the indo-Muslim Architecture. The presence of these burial chambers of the holy people referenced above have likewise added a strict tone to the city. In 1397 A.D., came the attack of Taimur whose troops involved Uch and Multan, terminated Tiamba, struck the Khokhars of Ravi and passed across Beas to Pakpattan and Delhi.

1400 - 1500 AD

In India, Khizer Khan Syed represented the Kingdom for the sake of Taimur yet with next to no sovereign title or imperial distinctions. During the upset rule of his great child Syed Moh